Succinyl CoA Synthase and Regulation of the Enzyme Essay - 8

Succinyl CoA Synthase and Regulation of the Enzyme - Essay Example The amino corrosive liable for movement is the phosphorylated histidine middle (HIS 246 alpha) which is the buildup liable for dephosphorylation of ATP and another site is suspected to be available in the beta subunit that guarantees proceeded with digestion. It is additionally presumed that there is a nucleotide restricting site at the N-terminal of beta subunit (Harel, 2014). This proposes there are two dynamic locales which are arranged around 35A separated and that the HIS 246 alpha circle as a rule moves between them while catalysis is happening. There is likewise GLU 208 alpha on the alpha subunit which communicates with the dynamic HIS 246 buildup in both the phosphorylated and dephosphorylated catalyst (Harel, 2014) As demonstrated over the histidine buildup is the one associated with dephosphorylation or phosphorylation of ATP or ADP separately. It has been recommended that the procedure includes a helpful restricting catalysis. Subsequently official of ATP at one site improves catalysis at another synergist site (Schã ¼rmann et al, 2011). Authoritative of ATP happens just within the sight of magnesium particle (Mg++) framing a mind boggling which contains two ATP buildup in addition to 2 phosphoric corrosive deposits. In the event that hatching is done this complex is changed over to another with 4 phosphoric corrosive deposits for each given protein. The complex with 4 phosphoric corrosive buildups is the just one with the ability to respond with succinate and CoA to give Succinyl CoA complex (Harel, 2014). This unpredictable at that point discharges phosphoric deposits the same number of as bound succinate. The exchange of this phosphoric buildup from the primary dynamic site associates wit h the exchange to the subsequent dynamic site supporting the helpful restricting system. These, in this manner, implies that both ADP and ATP can both be enacting or restraining relying upon which phase of catalysis they tie to the enzyme(Harel, 2014). These, in this way, bolster the reversibility of the catalysis. After the phosphorylation of the Succinyl-CoA andâ subsequent dephosphorylation, it is discharged and proceeds with the Krebs cycle as succinate.

Masao Miyoshi Essay Example

Masao Miyoshi Essay Contrary to what would be expected by Masao Miyoshi advocates that the western peruser approaches weird outside writings as demonstrations of self-attestation to conform to the social separations displayed by the story. Contrasts are overstated to suit what is viewed as ordinary and the peruser absorbs contrasts into the authority of life cycles present in birth, demise, satisfaction and languishing. Along these lines the peruser can kill the bizarreness of novel content. She portrays western responses to an outside book, for example, Japanese writing, as an approach to remove the foreingess from the perusers closeness. Further, scholastics who present themselves as specialists of Japanes writing conceal their absence of commitment with a book they don't comprehend with a whirlwind of modifiers, for example, fragile or unfathomable. In a comparable vein, the appreciated prime example of the Woman Writer in Japan, Tamura Toshiko utilized her composition, The Great Divide to search for acknowledgment of female essayists in Japan. Sje investigates the social separations among ladies and men when all is said in done, and of liberated Japanese ladies limited by social desires. Her originations of the New Woman featured lady similar to the next, weird and remote. Her investigate of Japanese man controlled society was later supplanted by composing of bigotry that she saw in her movements around the Pacific Rim. Her works about philosophies of patriotism, race and sexual orientation were incredible, however remained generally new in the west until their spread in 1922 by after war author Setouchi Harumi. We will compose a custom article test on Masao Miyoshi explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom article test on Masao Miyoshi explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom exposition test on Masao Miyoshi explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer Toshiko is prominent for being one of the main Japanese female essayists to utilize mental story to investigate womens desires, sexuality and originations of opportunity. Her portrayals of ladies tested well known social originations of the time that ladies were mediocre, and had educational encounters that were oppositely extraordinary to those of Japanese guys. Toshikos later expounding on patriotism and bigotry mirrored her internal liberation of Japanese ladies as she looked to delineate encounters of social directs and customary mortality. Masao Miyoshi Essay Example Masao Miyoshi Essay Contrary to what would be expected by Masao Miyoshi advocates that the western peruser approaches odd outside writings as demonstrations of self-insistence to conform to the social separations displayed by the story. Contrasts are overstated to oblige what is viewed as typical and the peruser absorbs contrasts into the authority of life cycles present in birth, demise, satisfaction and languishing. Thusly the peruser can kill the bizarreness of novel content. She depicts western responses to an outside book, for example, Japanese writing, as an approach to separate the foreingess from the perusers vicinity. Further, scholastics who present themselves as specialists of Japanes writing conceal their absence of commitment with a book they don't comprehend with a whirlwind of descriptors, for example, sensitive or inconceivable. In a comparable vein, the respected paradigm of the Woman Writer in Japan, Tamura Toshiko utilized her composition, The Great Divide to search for acknowledgment of female authors in Japan. Sje investigates the social separations among ladies and men when all is said in done, and of liberated Japanese ladies limited by social desires. Her originations of the New Woman featured lady just like the other, bizarre and remote. Her scrutinize of Japanese male centric society was later supplanted by composing of prejudice that she saw in her movements around the Pacific Rim. Her compositions about philosophies of patriotism, race and sex were incredible, however remained generally new in the west until their scattering in 1922 by after war essayist Setouchi Harumi. We will compose a custom exposition test on Masao Miyoshi explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom exposition test on Masao Miyoshi explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom exposition test on Masao Miyoshi explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer Toshiko is prominent for being one of the principal Japanese female essayists to utilize mental account to investigate womens goals, sexuality and originations of opportunity. Her portrayals of ladies tested well known social originations of the time that ladies were mediocre, and had beneficial encounters that were oppositely unique to those of Japanese guys. Toshikos later expounding on patriotism and prejudice mirrored her internal liberation of Japanese ladies as she looked to delineate encounters of social directs and customary mortality.

Salomon and Separate Legal Entity Doctrine †Free Samples to Students

Question: Examine about the Salomon and Separate Legal Entity Doctrine. Answer: Presentation: According to the realities expressed by Peter and Susan, Peter is keen on setting up a property the board business (PPM Services) without anyone else with the assistance of Susan. He is likewise keen on looking for help of his companion, Jack, who will acquire extra capital and business abilities to grow the business. The primary worry of Susan earlier building up the business is that she plans to ensure their home for their young family as she is incredulous that there are chances that the family house is lost when the business comes up short. Concerning the realities that are given, it is presented that in Australia, there are three sorts of business the executives that are for the most part picked by individuals to build up their business. The first is a sole exchange transport wherein just a single individual is the proprietor and who deals with the business. Since, Peter expects to build up business with Susan, along these lines, Sole merchant transport isn't the correct decision. (ClaytonUTZ, 2017) Another business structure is organization, wherein two individuals carry on business of nonstop nature with the mean to procure benefit and is broke down in Smith v Anderson (1880) (Sydney, 2017) Further, a business can likewise be controlled by method for an organization which is an element enrolled according to the prerequisites of the Corporation Act 2001. Salomon v Salomon Co [1897] is the main case which built up the principle components of an organization. (Ramsay Noakes, 2001) Thinking about the realities, it is guidance that Peter and Susan must carry on their business by method for an organization. The fundamental preferences of working a business the board as an organization instead of a sole merchant or association are that, right off the bat, that it has restricted risk which suggests that the liabilities of the individuals is constrained to the degree of their shareholding. No close to home resources of the individuals are in danger in any event, when the organization can't meet its monetary weights (Lee v Lee's Air Farming Ltd (1961). Be that as it may, in a sole broker boat or organization type of business, the individual resources of the proprietors or accomplices are at dangers if the business can't meet its liabilities; also, an organization can hold property in its own name which isn't the situation when the business is controlled by method for association or sole merchant transport; thirdly, it is anything but difficult to pull in or raise cap ital in the organization when contrasted and some other sort of structure on the grounds that the speculators are not troubled to adapt up to the money related crunches of the organization and their venture isn't in danger which isn't the situation in an organization or a sole dealer transport; fourthly, the coming or leaving of individuals won't hamper the presence of the organization. Where as in association, any approaching or active accomplice will bring about the disintegration of the organization. (Incorporator, 2017) Nonetheless, there are additionally hardly any inconveniences that, is, right off the bat, the expense of enrollment of an organization is a lot higher in correlation with sole dealer boat or association. There is no necessity of any sort of enrollment when the individual plans to build up the business by method for an organization or a sole dealer transport. In any case, in Australia, enrollment of an organization requires $650-$750 for a one year enlistment; besides, there is roughly $ 230 which must be paid to ASIC by an organization which isn't expected of a business is as association or sole dealer transport; thirdly, the budgetary undertakings of the organization are open and any individual can get to the equivalent however the equivalent isn't the situation in association or sole merchant transport where the money related situation of the organization is a lot of classified; Further, in organization, the announcing necessities is high, that is, according to segment 292 of the Corporation Act, on the off chance that an organization is a huge restrictive organization, at that point it must plan/hold up chiefs and monetary report each year. On the off chance that the organization is little, at that point, hold up budgetary reports in barely any circumstances. In any case, in association and sole broker boat there isn't a lot of announcing prerequisites. (Business, 2017) Thus, it is exhortation to dwindle and Susan that proceeding with the business by method for an organization is a superior decision in examination with an association or a sole dealer transport. Presently, as of now presented, an organization can be framed once the business the executives is enrolled. ASIC is the administrative body which manages organizations in Australia. On the off chance that Peter guarantees to enlist his business, at that point, he should initially enlist his business name. Enlistment of name is done with ASIC. It is fundamental that the individual should either have an ABN or is applying of an ABN. When an ABN is gotten, at that point, the business name can be enlisted on the web. When a name is enrolled, at that point, the individual can carry on his business under the said name. A business name is a title under which an individual directs his own business. In Australia, it is essential that an individual must enroll a business name in the event that he isn't exchanging his own name however on the off chance that the individual is directing business in his own first name or family name then there is no enlistment of business name prerequisite. (ASIC, 2017) It is exhortation to Peter that there is no particular necessity of enlistment of business however he should enlist his business name for completing his business with the goal that no other individual can utilize a similar name for their own business. Additionally, Peter can direct business in his own name with no enlistment prerequisites. Presently on the off chance that any individual needs to change the responsibility for business, at that point the equivalent should be possible either by selling the business; moving your business to a relative or companion or adding new accomplices to the business. Since Peter needs Susan to be co-proprietor of the business then the best alternative is to include her as new accomplice. This should be possible by making three strides. That is: (Business, 2017) The association must be refreshed; The new ABN number must be applied ; The subtleties with the ATO must be refreshed for charge purposes. By doing these means, Susan can turn into the co-proprietor of the business. When a business name is enlisted then the business should likewise be enrolled so as to work as an organization. Section 2A of the Corporation Act 2001 arrangements with the enlistment of an organization and there are a few stages that Peter must ready to consent to earlier enrolling a business in Australia. Initially, Peter must guarantee to satisfy is to pick an organization name. Dwindle may choose any name for his organization however such name ought not be indistinguishable from any current organization or business name. Additionally, the name must not contain certain words or expressions without looking for endorsement of the administration serve, for example, trust, bank, Royal, fused. Likewise, Peter must guarantee that no name ought to be chosen that misinforms individuals as for the working of the organization, which is hostile or which recommend criminal behavior. A name can likewise be saved with the assistance of Form 410 which can later be enlisted. Be that as it may, the booking is just for 2 months. Whatever name is chosen, it must show the legitimate status of the organization. In this way, on the off chance that Peter is enlisting an organization with constrained obligation, at that point the name must incorporate Proprietary Limited and on the off chance that the risk is boundless, at that point it must incorporate exclusive; Secondly, Peter must choose the working and activities of the organization earlier its enrollment. He should choose whether the business is represented by its constitution, its replaceable guidelines or both; Thirdly, Peter must guarantee the entirety of his commitments before enlistment of his business, that is, support of records of the organization, installment of yearly survey and lodgment charges and so forth; Fourthly, the assent of the considerable number of chiefs, secretary and individuals must be achieved earlier the enrollment of the organization; Fifthly, If the enlisted office isn't the advantage of the organization, at that point, Peter must look for put down consent to utilize the location and an account of the equivalent must be kept up. (ASIC, 2017) When every one of these customs are done then the enrollment should be possible in two habits, initially, Registration of the business should be possible with the assistance of a private specialist organization who approach ASIC framework; Secondly, Form 201 can be filled and sent to Australian Securities and Investments Commission, PO Box 4000, Gippsland Mail Center VIC 3841. The expenses must be encased alongside the structure. When the application is affirmed then Peter will accomplish an ACN, corporate Key and an authentication of enlistment. (ASIC, 2017) It is along these lines guidance that Peter must guarantee all the above advances while enlisting his business. Components of the organization When an organization is enlisted then there are different components that can be related with an organization and with which Peter must know about and which are likewise referenced under part 2B.1 of the Corporation Act 2001, that is, (Australia, 2017) right off the bat, according to segment 124, an organization is a different legitimate individual according to law and has its own character. It is a counterfeit legitimate individual once enlisted and has the ability to complete the errands in its own name: besides, when an organization is enrolled then it never kicks the bucket, in any event, when its whole part facilitates to exists, fourthly, it can go into contracts; fifthly, it is particular from its executives and its individuals. Presently, if at later stage, Peter wish to make Susan as part proprietor of the organization, at that point, it is counsel to him that he should give portions of the organization according to segment 254B of the Corporation Act 2001. The fundamental necessities of area 254 B are; right off the bat, a record of the issue of offers must be stayed with by the in its offers register; furthermore, the organization should inside 28 days of the issue of offers tell ASIC by housing a difference in organization subtleties wherein the insights about the quantity of issues shares, class of offers, sum paid or to be paid and so on are indicated; thirdly, another ABN number must be applied and the subtleties must be refreshed with the ATO for tax assessment purposes.. (Veromo, 2017) When the progressions are done, at that point, Susan will turn out to be part proprietor of the organization

Good Opinion Essay Topics For the LSAT

Good Opinion Essay Topics For the LSATIf you want to prepare for the LSAT, then you will need to figure out which topics are good for a good opinion essay. In other words, what topics can you write about in a way that will give you an easy to read thesis? Here are some of the best topics that you can use for your essay.One of the topics that have been popular opinion sites over the years is the state of the economy. In fact, this topic has been chosen by many students because it gives them a good illustration of what is going on in the economic landscape of the country. In a sense, these topics provide some insight into the present economic situation, and this can be helpful when you are writing your essay. You are more likely to know something about what is going on when you write something down in your notes, rather than if you just tell your story from your own experiences.When you are looking at your opinion essay topics, do not forget to also consider Facebook. While Facebook is a large social-networking site with millions of users, the thing that makes it so popular is that it has provided for the sharing of opinions and information among its users. In fact, this is how people first learn about a subject, so when you look at your topics, you will see topics such as Facebook or Star Trek.While there are many tests that ask you to answer quiz questions, there are not many that allow you to interact with the person who is administering the test. The reason for this is that you do not want to become uncomfortable during the test, and you certainly do not want to get intimidated by the other student if they answer your quiz question differently than you did. The key to getting a good opinion essay from someone else is to answer their questions in a way that demonstrates you understand what they are trying to accomplish. Even if you are giving the same answer to the question, you should still be willing to give an explanation to explain why you arrived at that answer. opinion Another topic that you might consider when you are preparing for the LSAT is philosophy. There are many different ideas about philosophy that can be helpful for you to look at. Whether you believe in everything that is written in the philosophy text, or whether you are just looking for an easy way to get into the mind of a philosopher, you can use the philosophy essay topics to help you get started.Many people who are trying to get into the world of online businesses find that this is an area where they can make a lot of money. You can use the online marketing tools and tactics that you are learning in school to promote your online business. When you are writing your online essay, you should include a few lines about how you will be promoting your business, and you should try to share as much as you can about this subject so that the reader knows that you have done your homework.If you find a few good opinion essay topics that you can use in your LSAT, then you will not be left hanging in the middle of the exam. As long as you use the tips discussed here, you should be able to find a good opinion essay topic that will help you prepare for the LSAT. Remember, you do not have to prepare on every topic, but these will help you learn how to prepare on some of the better ones.

The Role Of Women During The Workforce Debate - 2556 Words

Introduction Gender roles is an often debated topic in today’s society. The perception of women in the workforce debate is fueled and, sometimes confused, by how data is sliced and analyzed. The debate is further confused by looking across geographical and cultural norms. For example,100 years ago, in Europe, women held jobs working long hours in factories, as nurses, cleaning homes of the wealthy, and were even craftswomen. Meanwhile, 100 years ago, in the United States, women stayed home to take care of the family/home, while men worked an average of ten hours a day, six days a week – much longer than the 8 hour, five-day work week considered mainstream today. Debates range from the role of women in society to how they are judged. Some believe women should to have kids and quit working when they do. Women can be judged more harshly for voicing their opinions than they do men. Some view women as secondary to their husbands, even if she is the primary breadwinner. Women can be perceived as naturally weaker than their male coworkers, expected to have good ‘soft skills’, and judged more on their looks than men. Even though most these stereotypes have mostly dissipated over the past few years, they still exist in many places. Today, women in the United States are becoming more powerful in many areas, especially the workforce, but it is debatable that equality has been reached. Participation Data Even though women’s rights have come a long way in the past 100 years, theShow MoreRelatedThe Development Of Women s Rights1418 Words   |  6 Pagesin the past. Society has changed in many aspects to give young girls a way to build their own identity. First, women now have more power in the workforce than they did in the 1950s. Second, young females have more opportunities to express themselves to find their true social identity, through aggressive feminism or normative feminism. 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Many men wanted the women to keep their traditional gender roles of taking care of the household. However, the lackRead MoreChile, A South American Country1496 Words   |  6 PagesSpanish colonizers and the indigenous people. Out of those 18 million people, 11 million are just consisted of women population. Ever since, Ferdinand Magellan, the first European to set foot on what is now called Chile, women have been neglected of many of their rights. Facing domestic violence and gender-based violence, there are only a few things that the government â€Å"approves† Chilean women doing. Chileans have experienced a leftist government of Salvador Allende to a military dictatorship of Augusto

Identifying and Using Phrases - 974 Words

PRACTICING WITH PHRASES WORKSHEET SECTION I: FINDING PREPOSITIONS PHRASES Underline the preposition phrases in each sentence. There may be more than one. 1. Gustav Mahler’s Symphony No. 3 is the longest of all symphonies. 2. Claude Monet painted hundreds of pictures of the same water-lily garden. 3. Among the most easily recognized photographs are those of Ansel Adams. 4. Julia Margaret Cameron, a pioneering photographer of the 19th century, developed new techniques in portrait photography. 5. During his career, Italian sculptor Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini worked for five popes. SECTION II: IDENTIFY TYPES OF PREPOSITIONAL PHRASES Underline the prepositional phrase in each sentence. Circle the word or words that it†¦show more content†¦47. Ted will get up very early tomorrow. That is what he expects. 48. Anita found the right costume. She will wear it to the Halloween party. 49. The dog barked loudly. Its action frightened the intruder. 50. Ludwig lost an important ability. He could no longer hear his own music. Need more grammar help? Check out these internet links on my school web page: http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/627/01/ (gerunds, participles and infinitives) http://owl.english.purdue.edu/handouts/grammar/g_appos.htmlShow MoreRelatedEssay about Research project 1704 Words   |  3 Pagesinformation. Step 1: Select Your Research Question Top of Form 2. What effect does violence in the media have on children? How will Step 1 be graded? Step 1 will not receive a grade. Step 2: Select Your Search Terms A. Identifying Key Concepts List the three key concepts (words, phrases, or both) that best describe the main concepts of your selected research question from Step 1. 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Combine them and use them to produce a clear thesis statement Develop each main point by developing supportive reasoning for your chosen topic Create an outline base on your main points. Identifying main points of a speech: While demonstrating a speech, the primary objective of it is to find he main

Advantages and disadvantages of living independently free essay sample

Moving out and living independently is a normal part of growing up. Different people choose to leave their home at different times and for different reasons. As an overall trend, these days, a considerable number of young adults and even teenagers leave their families to settle down by themselves. However, the effects of this trend are various and include both positive as well as negative ones. To begin with, young people might be extensively attracted to different benefits of independent life. First, being out of control from parents, they can enjoy full sense of freedom to live in their own ways. For instance, they are not entailed to ask for their strict fathers’ permission whenever wanting to go out and keep an eye on the watch to come back on time for fear of being scolded and punished. There will be no mothers’ complaints about their terrible habits of wasting the whole morning on bed or not cleaning their room for days as well. We will write a custom essay sample on Advantages and disadvantages of living independently? or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page More importantly, living independently offers young people with precious helpful experience. They make their own decisions and take responsibility for them, through which they gradually become more and more mature. Interaction with many other people and confrontation with unfamiliar environment together with complex social relationships help them to foster vital skills. On the other hand, living on their own, youngsters may encounter certain troubles. First of all, they have to learn the ways to take care of their own life. After long tiring day at work and school, they still have a bunch of housework to do, for example, cooking, washing up and cleaning. They are in worse situation when they catch a cold or face other health problems because there will be no one beside to help them through these difficult times. In addition, young adults can experience mental difficulties. They may feel lonely and disoriented as they must move to a new place with new neighbors, and homesickness may also be suffered. Moreover, since they are not controlled, they are easier to be misled and prone to social evils such as substance abuse and bullying. In conclusion, leaving home is an important transition, especially at a young age, and can involve not only advantages but also disadvantages. That is why young people should consider thoroughly before deciding to leave parents for independent life.

The Great Gatsby Essay Introduction Example For Students

The Great Gatsby Essay Introduction Great Gatsby: Analysis of the American DreamThese beliefs, values and dreams can be summed up be what is termed the American Dream; a dream of money, wealth, prosperity and the happiness that supposedly came with the booming economy and get-rich-quick schemes that formed the essential underworld of American upper-class society. This underworld infiltrated the upper echelons and created such a moral decay within general society that paved the way for the ruining of dreams and dashing of hopes as they were placed confidently in the chance for opportunities that could be seized by one and all. Scott Fitzgerald illustrates the American Dream and the foul dust or the carelessness of a society that floats in the wake of this dream. By looking at each character and their situation and ambition it can be seen that the American Dream was not limited to one social class or type of person, that it was nation wide and was found within everyone. From the position as narrator the reader has access to the thoughts and feelings of Nick Carraway more than any other characters; but this same position also reduces the effectiveness of the reader as a judge of character because he is presented in a biased way compared to others. We will write a custom essay on The Great Gatsby Introduction specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now With that said, it can be seen that Nick suffers greatly from his experiences in New York. His regard for human decency is ruined and he leaves with his hopes dashed and a disgust at how the materialism that runs rampant throughout his social class is capable of ruining lives and dreams. Nick, as with all characters is a believer in the American Dream because even he moves East to work in the bond business then a booming industry. Because of the actions of his cousin Daisy, her husband Tom and the beliefs held by his love interest in the novel Jordan, Nick is finally privy to how the dreams and values held by all these people overrun their sense of sensible behavior and how the general society caused their personalities to be affected this way. The transformation between James Gatz and Jay Gatsby is an example of how people can transform themselves according to their ambition for wealth and prosperity. The use of illegal activities to gain Gatsbys wealth is alluded to in the book; this shows the extent of how the American Dream circumvented the moral revulsion and pushed people who were crazy about money into crime driving the moral standing of wealthier citizens into the ground. To Gatsby, his dream was symbolised by Daisy; Gatsby even says that her voice sounds like money, a direct correlation between Daisy and the wealth and happiness that Gatsby would supposedly enjoy if only he could have married Daisy but could still enjoy if he had married her five years later. His pursuit of happiness with Daisy was the ultimate cause of the degradation of Gatsbys morals and realistic dreams. This is because he held an unrealistic view of life and how he could recreate the past. His dreams had distorted reality to the point where when his rationality realised that the image of life and of Daisy did not coincide with the real life version his mind did not grasp that perhaps the dream had receded to the point of no return, consequently his dreams helped to result in the devastating end that was the finish of The Great Gatsby. This difference in Gatsbys mental image and the real image of daisy was due to the incompleteness of daisys character. Her rendering of the American Dream included fun, comfortable living with money and influence. .ua405229903f243729e305ea6687c302e , .ua405229903f243729e305ea6687c302e .postImageUrl , .ua405229903f243729e305ea6687c302e .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ua405229903f243729e305ea6687c302e , .ua405229903f243729e305ea6687c302e:hover , .ua405229903f243729e305ea6687c302e:visited , .ua405229903f243729e305ea6687c302e:active { border:0!important; } .ua405229903f243729e305ea6687c302e .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ua405229903f243729e305ea6687c302e { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ua405229903f243729e305ea6687c302e:active , .ua405229903f243729e305ea6687c302e:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ua405229903f243729e305ea6687c302e .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ua405229903f243729e305ea6687c302e .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ua405229903f243729e305ea6687c302e .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ua405229903f243729e305ea6687c302e .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ua405229903f243729e305ea6687c302e:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ua405229903f243729e305ea6687c302e .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ua405229903f243729e305ea6687c302e .ua405229903f243729e305ea6687c302e-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ua405229903f243729e305ea6687c302e:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Definition of Integrity Essay To do this her marriage choices were limited to men with money, preferably with old inherited money, the type that prestige accompanies. The reader can see that Daisy is a superficial character who considers happiness more of a physical state than a mental state by the scene when she is talking about her daughter and what she said when she was born: thats the best thing a girl can be in this world, a beautiful little fool; this shows how Daisy thinks about life and how happiness can be bought by not being aware and presumably

Olive Seniors Decision To Abandon Poetic Conventions English Literature Essay Essay Example

Olive Seniors Decision To Abandon Poetic Conventions English Literature Essay Essay Example Olive Seniors Decision To Abandon Poetic Conventions English Literature Essay Essay Olive Seniors Decision To Abandon Poetic Conventions English Literature Essay Essay Senior presents life styles of different households and how a catastrophe peculiarly hurricanes can hold changing effects on each. Senior, in Tropic Love uses a simple duologue between a adult male and a adult female to foreground the features of a typical tropical relationship and the issues that adult females face in these relationships. Man wants sex and company but hesitates to offer committedness. In these three verse forms there is small or no grounds of conventional manners, signifiers and elements of poesy nevertheless, issues and concerns are presented and the reader is able to understand and hold on them. Therefore, Senior s intent is achieved and so clearly disputes the moot. Olive Senior does non pass extra clip guaranting that the lines in her verse forms follow a peculiar rime strategy or contains a set figure of lines. Neither is her poesy encumbered by images, nonliteral devices or complex or elaborate constructions. I can conceive of, had Senior made these conventions her precedence the chief purpose of her work would hold died. Thus it must be re-emphasized that her determination to be different produced more good than injury. Senior s intent is to guarantee that when individuals read her verse forms they are able to associate to the state of affairss and be able to understand them. How so can that be possible if one has no thought as to what the topic of the verse form is? Senior utilizations certain characteristics which some poets would jeer at such as storytelling narrative, gossip Creole slang. However, these characteristics make her verse forms relatable, reviewing and they pull readers. These are the characteristics which are common to her r eaders rendering her verse forms apprehensible. One could state that Olive Senior divergence from poetic conventions works to demo grasp to life and that there is more to poetry than merely giving rime, but to admit the of import things and battles in life with each line or stanza. The manner in which Senior writes the stanzas in her verse form is besides a divergence from poetic convention but it aids in doing her work more originative as in the verse form Yemoja where the stanzas are created as such where it resembles the dorsum and forth motion of the ocean moving ridges. The verse form outlines how nature is closely linked and the decease or discontinue of the H2O rhythm would ensue in the decease of life itself as outlined in her verse form. The verse form Yemoja shows how nature ( the H2O ) nurtures the land as a female parent would foster her kid and can be linked to the fact that the life of a kid depends on the female parent and the life of the land depends entirely on H2O. Senior chooses to divert from the conventional manner of composing poesy with an penetration of phantasy as she sees poetry more than merely an look of oneself but besides to convey visible radiation to the battles of life as displayed in another of her verse forms Hurricane Narrative 1903 where the support of the people depended on their farm animal and is a contemplation of the lives of most Caribbean people and how they survive off their farm animal and if suck a catastrophe like the hurricane. Senior besides deviates to sketch the male and female relationship in the verse form as it display how the function of the grandma was to foster while the gramps took on undertakings which demanded musculus which could be noted besides as a characteristic of households in the Caribbean. Through her divergence she besides portrays how worlds and nature are closely linked and at times sends a warning as shown in Hurricane narrative 1903 . But he was the 7th boy of a 7th boy and could read marks and interpret admirations so when the sups flew below the roof line, when the sky took on a particular Prunus persica freshness, when flocks f birds sailed west over the hill. When clouds banked at the far side and the air was still, he knew it was clip to secure down. Therefore she shows that nature and serves as an betrayer to adult male and a development or the changeless usage of engineering diverts our attending from nature. Olive Senior is a station colonial author and it is typical of her to divert from poetic conventions. By making so Senior is proposing that poesy can still be as effectual or even more effectual even if one does non conform to poetic conventions. Senior may hold seen conventions as a modern twenty-four hours signifier of bondage and therefore was wishful of interrupting free of all the elements that tried to suppress her. Through making so she besides highlights or brings to the head the right of freedom of look, a right to which the enslaved had been deprived. Senior s poesy celebrates her individuality and lineage ; it provides her and her reader with a renewed sense of pride. In order to accomplish this senior had to make off with the conventional ways of composing poesy. Thus she produced an art uniquely Caribbean, an art which reflects her determination to interrupt away. Olive Senior s determination to divert has in no manner had a negative impact on the response of her work. Without her dare to be different at that place would non hold been the realisation that being different does non intend losing.

Social Media Autoethnography Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Social Media Autoethnography - Essay Example My personal usage of social media depicts a scenario whereby I have to adjust my daily schedule in order to balance all my activities, considering that social media usage can be both addictive and time consuming. With the growing number of social media platforms that are offering equally interesting user experiences, I normally change my habits, interactions, and communications, depending on which social media platform is more viable. In essence, I use social media about two to three times a day depending on other commitments that I have. Whenever I have any time at my disposal, I usually check into some of my favorite social media platforms to update my status and get updates from my friends. Sometimes I take a week without visiting any social networking site, particularly when I am busy. However, I tend to create time for social media so that I can interact with my friends and professional colleagues. Since social media is a bit casual when compared to the official communication channels, I usually use casual and informal language whenever I am on social media. Nonetheless, I always maintain respect and integrity on such sites. I essentially use social media for communication and entertainment purposes. I have to admit that sometimes I receive insightful information and I learn from other people’s social media updates. My purpose is to synchronize social media with my other commitments in a manner that will have a positive impact in my life. In this respect, my social media communication is usually respectful and trustworthy in the sense that I neither peddle rumors on social media nor share any unverified information. In as much as I would like to appear informal while communicating on social media, I always maintain a tinge of professionalism. For example, when constructing a message, I always watch my tone besides considering my intended audience. Since my

Effective negotiation skills Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Effective negotiation skills - Essay Example (Lewicki and Hiam, 2006, p. 42) In business situations we very often know when a negotiation situation is likely to happen and this allows us to gather information both on our own position and that of the other party. It is very important to have clear what the goal of the negotiation is. People often forget this, and get trapped into winning the argument for its own sake, without considering whether all the effort is going to bring the desired results in the end. In fact there may be times when winning the argument is not the best outcome: â€Å"There is no value in driving the best deal if it causes resentment and a desire for revenge that will sour business and could cost you more in the future than you could have saved in the short term.† (Steele and Beasor: 1999). It is wise also to consider what the alternatives would be if this proposed deal is not successfully resolved. A company which has many different suppliers, all offering good products at competitive prices will not need to bargain so hard with one particular customer because the fall back position is to go elsewhere. This means that before going in to a negotiation situation we should weigh up how strong our own position is in this respect, and try to figure out how much the other party needs and wants to make this agreement. In the opening phase of a negotiation it is important to try and build a good relationship with the other party and make the discussions pleasant and polite. In personal situations, however, this can be quite difficult at times. In my own personal life, for example, I recall having a very difficult discussion with my parents about going on holiday with my friends. I was in a weak position, because I desperately wanted to go, but relied on my parents for a part of the money, since I was still a teenager with only a part time job which did not pay well. My parents took, in my view, a very hard line and said that I was too young to go on holiday without supervision and t hey refused to give their permission. At the time I got angry and this started a huge family row. I told them that I felt they were old fashioned, out of date, and had fascist rules which were unfair to me. Due to the influence of my sister, who was, and still is, smarter about human relationships, I realized that my parents actually did not want to cause me pain, but were worried about my safety driving south in my friend’s car, and a possible bad influence from a particular boy in my circle of friends. I followed my sister’s advice, apologized to my parents about the outburst, and explained that this was important for me as a step towards independence. My parents clarified their concerns, and I told them, truthfully that the boy they were concerned about was not going on the holiday. They agreed to support my holiday, and I agreed to keep away from drugs and to telephone home every three days. My mistake in this negotiation was in demanding rather than asking, in an aggressive way, and in failing to establish what the reason for my parents’ objections were. I also failed, at first, to understand where my parents were coming from: â€Å"We must start a negotiation thinking about the pictures in the heads of the other party† (Diamond, 2010, p.135). Once I had understood their fears, the facts were clarified and a more respectful tone was adopted, we each put

Environmental economics Essay Example for Free

Environmental economics Essay It is a familiar characteristic of city life; it is a type of large scale outdoor pollution. It consists of fog grossly contaminated by the product of the inefficient combustion of coal. Chemical reaction between pollutants derived from different sources primarily automobile exhaust and industrial emissions. For each city that exact causes of pollution may be different, depending on the geographical location, temperature, wind and weather factors, smog in its acute form occurs especially during the warm months of the year. Notable, air pollution disaster of this kind was recorded in December 1952 where London smog lasted in the acute stage for five days and overall for ten days. Casualties were among cattle and opera performance had to be stopped after the audience had no vision of the stage. More seriously though, it was estimated to have been directly responsible for an additional four thousand deaths. Specify the externalities/factors that have made this problem and the extent of the externalities involved, the impact and recent trends. In pure market economy resource allocation is the result of the decisions of consumers (households) and producers (firms) who seek to maximize the difference between benefit and incurred costs i. e. private benefit and private cost. But in the weakness of the market economy is that it may fail to take account of any additional benefit or cost which spill over from the original decisions. The cost or benefits additional to those which are the immediate concerns of the parties to a transaction are the spill-overs or externalities, they are not provided for directly in the market place. Due to activities of individuals or firms human based or naturally pollution occurs as a result of emitting too much of a substance to the environment so as to have harmful effects. Every time we breathe, we risk inhaling dangerous chemicals present in the atmosphere. These dangerous chemicals can be either in form of gases or particles and have diverse and numerous effects on human beings and the natural ecosystems. Because it is located in the atmosphere, air pollution is able to travel easily therefore making it a global problem and to a subject of cooperation and conflict. Emission of nitrogen oxide, carbon monoxide, sulphur dioxide, lead, suspended particulates and organic compounds that can evaporate and enter the atmosphere. Air pollution caused naturally includes forest fires, volcanic eruptions, wind erosion, pollen dispersal, evaporation of organic compounds and natural radio activity. This does not occur in abundance in particular locations. Most pollution is as a result of human activity. The biggest causes are the operation of fossil fuel: burning power plants and automobiles that combust fuel. These few factors are responsible for up to 90% of all air pollution in the United States alone. Other cities like Japan, China, Mexico and San Paulo have some of the most deadly pollution emission levels in the world. The world we are in is driven by fossil fuels, cars and other forms of transportation i. e. tracks, trains, aeroplanes e. t. c. run primarily on gasoline derived from oil. We can therefore say that some of the pollution issues that we face currently are directly related to the energy choice we have. Cooking, heating, lighting, e. . c. for homes, work places, industries using oil, coal and natural gas making us prone to pollution. Solutions to this problem begin with the logic of cost. This is where issues of renewable energy alternatives are suggested but corresponding arguments of greater energy efficiency and reliance on renewable energy is also advocated for. Some notable air pollution disasters are for example: the most publicized issues of second hand smoking. The smokers not only harm themselves but also others close by when they breathe this smoke. Industrial emissions did contribute to respiratory symptoms for several individuals and sixty deaths in Meuse area of Belgium in December 1930. In Danara, Pennsylvania, October 1948, twenty people died as a result of smog. This is a recurring problem that has seen world population mortality rate go up, low life expectancy e. t. c, this is due to diseases present in modern society and were not present 100 years go. Define using examples how policies to reduce this problem could be measured. Benefit management Policies set out to restrict smoking are important in attaining a healthy environment and individual. Policies to regulate smoking are in effect in some locations, but personal exposure should be motivated and limited wherever possible. However a combination of scientist, legislators, business leaders and individuals is a prerequisite for adherence and advocacy with a view to achieving a better environment. In this case therefore second hand smokers are protected especially in public places, this has therefore resulted to a decline in lung cancer, respiratory cases which would have cost the government and the unsuspecting persons a lot of money for treatment. On realizing the catastrophic effect of pollution and the environmental and personal costs associated with it, monitoring the air and environment campaign lead to: (i) Education in schools and universities where students begin at a very young age learning about the effects of pollution. They are taught and trained on management and conservation which carries in handy in the proceeding years of their life. (ii) Scientific groups have also been formulated as a result of government policies. These aim to study the environment with a view of coming up with solutions of encroaching problems and finding lasting and workable solutions (iii) legislative bodes have also contributed enormously by writing down laws that control emission. In this case therefore persons found violating the set laws is liable for prosecution. This makes industries oblige to avoid pollution and consequently revert to better and safer methods of production. (iv) Policies have also enabled the setting up of regulatory agencies e. g. united nations, the atmosphere management program to carry out environmental projects. They are bale to monitor, advocate and control the environment. These and much more are examples on policy formulated for better management and monitoring of the environment. As a result therefore emission of waste to minimized, controlled and checked. Dumping, waste disposal and waste management is carried out in a better way and thus reducing pollution levels. We also see that health cases and deaths are minimized, the government and individuals end up spending less for treatment in pollution related illnesses. The scenarios and beauty of landscapes, plants, etc is also retained. Measuring the cost of reducing the problem In conducting environmental sound economic analysis, we are required to determine the environmental and natural resource impact of the project or policy in question. In this case therefore it is the smog effect. It should also handle biological and social effects. One needs to measure the impact to determine the cost of solving it and this relies on the experts such as engineers, ecologists, agronomists, etc. We also put into consideration valuing the physical impact and relationship. Environmental impact can result in a miserable change in environmental quality. Estimating cost is generally easier than estimating benefits but it is not easy. One major problem derived from the fact that benefit cost analysis is forward looking and thus requires an estimate of what a particular strategy will cost which is more difficult than tracking down what an existing strategy does cost. Another fundamental problem disposed by collecting cost information when the availability of the information is controlled by a firm having an interest in the outcome.

Karl Swindlehurst Melancholy of the German Hussars :: English Literature

Karl Swindlehurst Melancholy of the German Hussars I have currently been studying three short stories. The first of the three short story’s The Melancholy Hussar of the German Legion is one of seven stories from the â€Å"Wessex Tales† . The genre of this story is generally based around love and issues and consequences related to love, and also distresses the complications and coincidences within the love story. The story itself has three main characters in which a love triangle is formed. Phyllis, Humphrey and Mateus are the main characters in which Phyllis was engaged to Humphrey through an agreed marriage arranged by both Humphrey and her father. However that engagement breaks down when Humphrey goes to Bath on a trip which lasted longer than both Phyllis and her father had expected. In this time Phyllis had meet a man named Mateus. Mateus was a corporal in the German Hussars and both Mateus and Phyllis fall in love. The plot is based around the love of Phyllis and Mateus and also how the plan of Mateus going AWOL falling to pieces, and the build up to his death. Mateus and Humphrey are entirely different to each other in a sense of character looks, actions, and general attitude towards Phyllis. We first get a description of Humphrey around line 56, â€Å" Interests within the Court - was one Humphrey Gould a bachelor a personage neither young nor old; neither good-looking nor positively plain† The description is detailed yet vague, it leaves very much to be desired, â€Å" neither young nor old† it’s very bland, imprecise James Hardy is suggesting he is of middle age. In this short description we can devise a brief image of Humphrey. Around line 107 we are introduced with the interesting character of Mateus. â€Å" Her attention was arrested by a solitary figure walking along the path† the introduction that James Hardy has chosen is rather different to Humphrey maybe suggesting in an early stage in the story that he is more important. â€Å" It’s aspect was so striking, so handsome, and his eyes were so blue and sad, abstracted.† The description is of more beauty compared to Humphrey’s suggesting quite obviously Mateus is the better looking man. The acquaintance of Phyllis by both men were distinctively different. Humphrey approached Dr. Grove Phyllis father for her hand in marriage, Humphrey having come from a highly respected family Dr. Grove was overwhelmed, and saw this as an great opportunity for his family. Mateus’ s meeting with Phyllis differed to Humphreys. He was simply walking past and they both noticed each other, on the whole a more romantic meeting.

Hardy Weinberg

Statement of the overall results The frequencies matched and no number was off meaning that the Hardy Weinberg principle was used correctly. When counting and figuring out the two different equations the numbers fit together. ‘V. Materials: 1. 100 blue beads 2. 100 white beads 3. Two containers to put the beads in 4. Paper 5. Pencil 6. Calculator V. Results/Data: Figure 1 In the above picture labeled â€Å"Figure 1†, the simulation of the production of 100 offspring was recorded. This came from random mating of the â€Å"parental population† (the blue and white beads).Each offspring is represented by a pair of beads (which represent the gametes), the genotypes are as follows; B, B, b their frequencies are recorded in the table below: Table 1 Genotype Frequency Bad-homozygous dominant 26 B-heterozygous 50 b-homozygous recessive 24 Alleles B- black fur 103 b- white fur 97 A. The Hardy-Weinberg Principle predicts that genotypes frequencies of offspring will be the sa me as those of the parental generation. This prediction Was true for this lab, this conclusion can be made because all Of the offspring were either of black and or white fur.B. There are five major assumptions for the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, if one of them was violated then the frequencies would end up being different, NY one of them could cause this, most likely the mutation one because that would cause for different offspring to happen and thus for different frequencies. Genotype Frequency Table Frequency 0. 26 0. 5 b 0. 24 Phenotype Frequency Table Phenotype B 0. 51 0. 49 A. There are 200 alleles present for the trait of fur color. B. There are a total of 100 beads to represent black fur and 100 beads to represent white fur.C. 1 00 beads represent the population. VI. Conclusions: The hypothesis â€Å"If students follow the Hardy Weinberg directions properly then their traits will fit into the law because no other evolutionary influences ill interrupt this lab† is accep ted. The hypothesis made at the beginning of the lab was accepted because the students did follow the Hardy Weinberg directions properly and their traits did fit into the Hardy Weinberg law because none of the frequencies came out wrong.It can be concluded that none of the five major assumptions for Hardy Weinberg were violated which is why the frequencies fit into the law. The lab relates to the lecture because students are currently discussing evolution and how it works. The Hardy Weinberg principle involves evolution because it discusses how genotype regencies would be if no other evolutionary influences were present. Something that doesn't necessarily happen since in the real world there are evolutionary influences present all over the world and in all of the populations.The lab is significant because it allows students to see how the world would be if we didn't have any evolutionary influences present in our world, influences such as mutations, natural selection, genetic drift/ migration, etc. The lab relates to the real life because it helps to explain why humans and other earth's organisms are the way they are, and that is because of evolution. Evolution has helped humans to become more resistant to diseases, and it has helped some organisms survive for as long as possible (or at least long enough to reproduce).If real life was the way the Hardy Weinberg principle requires it to be then some organisms on earth wouldn't be here, this is something that this lab allowed students to understand. The lab can be applied to the scientific field of genetics. The lab can be applied to this field because geneticists look at organisms genes and by understanding the Hardy Weinberg principle then they would understand the way evolution arks and how it affects the different genes that different organisms have.The lab could improve by having smaller groups, this improvement is needed because it is hard for such big groups to do math together. There were times were one p erson would count a specific amount of beads and then the other two partners would count something different and then the whole group would get really confused which is why it would be better to have smaller groups to avoid the confusion. Another improvement would be to obtain more beads, maybe this was the reason such big groups were made, so if ore beads were available then smaller groups would be made.One error would be the one described above, students were having a hard time with keeping count of their beads, one way to avoid this without making smaller groups would be to write down the numbers and not split up the numbers between group members. Another error was that some beads were dropped and thus the numbers were messed up, a way to avoid this would be to have bigger beads that won't fall so easily. A new question that students could investigate would be, what if their parental population mixed with another group? R what if a new bead color (new population) was introduced? VI. Lab Questions: 1 .Allele- one of two or more alternative forms of a gene that arise by mutation and are found at the same place on a chromosome. 2. Gene- a unit of heredity that is transferred from a parent to offspring and is held to determine some characteristic of the offspring. 3. Dominant allele- An allele that expresses its phenotypes effect even when heterozygous with a recessive allele. This one is the stronger allele. 4. Recessive allele- The opposite of a dominant allele, this one has a weaker allele. . Homozygous- a pair of matching alleles, which are the two genes that control a particular trait. 6.Heterozygous- a pair Of genes where one is dominant and one is recessive Verifying the Hardy-Weinberg Principle 1 . There are five conditions that a population must meet in order to be in the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, those conditions are as follows; No genetic drift, No migration, No mutation, No selection, and random mating so no differential reproduction. 2. The perce nt for the recessive allele is 30, meaning that the left over is the percent for the dominant allele: 70%. With Hardy Weinberg second equation (pap+ups+qua -? 1) one can see that the heterozygous is represented by the (ups) part, by putting the numbers in place ( xx . X . 3) then the answer would be obtained, which is 42. 42 is the frequency of the dominant allele. 3. The frequency for the dominant allele is 0. 51 when the frequency of the homozygous dominant genotype is . 49 4. If the frequency of the homozygous recessive genotype is 0. 36 then the frequency of the dominant allele is 0. 64. 5. Fifth frequency of the homozygous dominant genotype is 0. 49 then the frequency of the anonymous recessive genotype is 0. 51 6. The two Hardy Weinberg Equations are: up + ups + q = 1 a.The first equation (p + q = 1) relates to the frequencies of the alleles at a particular gene locus b. The second equation (up + ups + q = 1) relates to the frequencies of the genotypes for a particular gene lo cus. C. The first equation (p + q = 1) relates to the frequencies of the phenotypes for a gene. Questions for Further Thought 1 . Natural selection allows for the â€Å"sundial of the fittest† meaning that if there is a human who has no mouth then this human will not survive because he/ he cannot feed and thus will be selected to die and not reproduce because it is not adapted to fir environment.A perfect, real example are finches, they have different beaks because they have accommodated their bodies depending to the environment, these beaks will allow them to survive more than the other finches who haven't gone through natural selection. 2. Natural selection is the process whereby organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring. It can drive evolution because it can change the population and eventually the whole population will be changed because those organisms are the ones that survived and lived on, the ones that didn't survive did n't successfully go through natural selection.

Radio Credibility And Evaluation Finance Essay - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 16 Words: 4838 Downloads: 9 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Finance Essay Type Research paper Did you like this example? Radio is one of the basic tools of disseminating information about different issues such as education, health and agriculture in rural areas of developing countries. The knowledge and information is very important for farmers to increase agricultural productivity in their areas. The most vital thing was observed that active agricultural information transferring is important for farmers in backward areas for development their skills about agriculture. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Radio Credibility And Evaluation Finance Essay" essay for you Create order In this perspective radio is best source for spreading information about agricultural knowledge for solving the requirement and needs of the farmers. In this context the research was conducted in District Benazirabad Sindh, Pakistan about the radio credibility and evaluation for agricultural information among farmers. The 250 respondents were interviewed. The respondents were inquired about the credibility of radio about the agricultural information and the evaluation. The information of different agricultural programs was also gained from respondents. Introduction Information could identify as the essential to positive results of farming in the 21st Century. Agricultural experts, creators, producers and policymakers know that information is significant and valuable. There are many farmers in developed countries give attention for getting information about updates on weather conditions, soil water management, flood disaster and pest management reports and recommendations. Farmers also obtain information of market regarding their produce. In this context radio broadcasts and keeps up to date agro meteorological information in developing countries to rural farmers. Radio plays main role to provide timely advice knowledge and information at the local level. Furthermore, in order to improve the use of this method of communication among different farming communities (Weiss, et al., 2000). The media is considered as major ingredients to spread latest agricultural technologies to farmers. In Pakistan farm and home transmission with agricultural know ledge and information were introduced in 1966 to inform farmers on the use of different technologies to boost up agricultural development. In this scenario more 50 radio stations all over the country. The Pakistani population engaged actively in agriculture and media could serve as an appropriate medium of dissemination of farming information and latest technical development (Malik, 2000). First time the use of electronic media in agricultural was introduced in 1955 when USAID given 38 cinema vans to the concern department. These vans were arranged in important districts of Pakistan. These vans could not get a significant impact on development of farming community because the content of the programs was totally different from local issues. While the electronic media such as radio and television remained in use through the concern authorities as one of the important teaching tools. How far these media have been effective in achieving desired results seems to be an important area to b e investigated (Hussain, 1986). The impact of different media channels upon the adoption of agricultural technologies in farming practice it was indicated that radio was found famous as compared to other mass media such as print and film the adoption of agricultural technologies among farmers. Information of agricultural technologies could transfer by different modern information technologies among. The investigation and findings showed that radio and Television seemed as important source of information of wheat farmers. While it was also revealed that electronic media were more motivated towards Television and radio than other technologies in rural areas (Adeniji Ega 2008; Saddi et al. 2008). Use of radio for farmers could enhance their knowledge because it provides medium which agriculture extension officers and experts identify to be the most appropriate for rural emancipation programme. Radio has reduced gap and distances thus has immediate effect. It has been showed that radio as the only medium of mass communication where the rural population have access easily. Furthermore, radio is cheap to get and is widely owned in the rural areas. Radio is preferred as a medium of communication in rural areas because of the benefit ascribed to it in form of exceeding the hindrances of illiteracy ((Kuponiyi, 2000; Folarin, 1990). The agriculture industries play a very vital role in most of the developing countries like Pakistan. Agricultural actions form is basic infrastructure of rural areas people which contributes significant and important conditions to rural communities in terms of business activities which provide an employment and good environment. The progress and direction for this sector has been showed with different kinds of tactics to determine by goals which are improved according to the demand of time. In rural development information and knowledge are two important features. The lack of information and adaption of local content and deficiency of farm related scientific knowledge are the main problem that often caused low product and. The farmers who get and are connected with media obtain timely information could make a more; those who are connected to proper and timely information would be able to make more reasonable decisions than those not. It is very potential and significant for extension officers to disseminate the agricultural related information and knowledge to the farmers with the aim of providing useful information and changing attitudes and practices (Muhammad, 2008; Abbas et al., 2008; Mazher et. al 2003; Muhammad, 2005). Electronic media such as radio has brought changes in different sectors of society for instance in agriculture radio broadcasting programme to the audience about agriculture. This medium has provided in approach and appropriate for communication to millions of people widely spread situated in rural areas. The Accessibility of low cost getting sets operated with electricity or battery h ave helped radio to disseminate messages deep in to the rural areas of developing countries. Radio is one of the best source of creating general awareness and information to bring desirable changes in the attitude and listeners reinforce learning. The radio is very benefit especially for illiterate farmers to gather information of various kinds on agriculture and other features to keep up to dates their knowledge and services. The credibility regarding radio information is one of the most important elements of communication process and its success will growth proportionally if the recipients of the information perceive the sources to be trust worthy and competent (Sadaqath Mariswamy, 2007). Appropriate tools for spreading the information of the technology will be determined by the developmental status of the country and the level of education within the country. In some cases information could transfer by the use of brochures, printed materials as well as local media such as rad io and television is essential. Networking among small farmers scientists researchers and extension also helps information diffusion and access to information. Fostering the development of such networks may facilitate information dissemination (Rolle Satin, 2002). The mass media such as radio and television are one of the most important tools of communication for transferring information regarding the agricultural scientific knowledge to the masses. In a country like Pakistan where education level of the people is low the choice of mass media is of vital importance. In this context radio are significant which transfer latest agricultural technologies information and knowledge to literate and illiterate farmers in remote areas within short time (Purushothaman et al., 2003). Growths of agricultural production by the adoption of latest procedures and use of technologies have brought significant result in various regions of the world. Furthermore, agriculture almost has received high importance in the development of developing countries due to its significant role in economy and GDP. Developing and developed countries are directly or indirectly related to the agriculture for development. Increase in agricultural production is very important for poverty reduction and improve the livelihood of rural communities. Mass media such as television and radio is one best sources of create awareness and communicate training in adopting newest technologies for farming communities spread over wide geographical areas (Anon, 2008). The information and communication technology is main element which could disseminate effective technologies to growth agricultural production. By use of these technologies to provide benefit from such technologies to farmers must have access to them and learn how to effectively utilize these technologies in farming systems and practices. The use of mass media among farmers in remote areas still most of farmers depend on traditional media suc h as radio television and newspaper these media channels could transfer information among farmers in far flung areas (Ani Baba, 2009; Abu Hassan et al., 2009,). In the Pakistan Punjab and a number of radio stations broadcasting many different agricultural programs such as, Sandhal Dharti, Khait Khait Haryali, Dharti Bakht Bahar, and Wasnay Rehan Garan Utum Khaiti while in Sindh Khati sir sati Sar Sabz Pakistan broadcasted from Sindh Hyderabad station in local languages The use of mass media appears vital to keep farmers up-to-date of the latest information about agriculture. these technologies for meeting the developing challenges of the new millennium like population explosion, low and fluctuated yield of various crops, and other challenges of new era. For this reason, it seems imperative to undertake in-depth analysis of the electronic media to improve their role in the spread of agricultural technologies among the farmers (Muhammad, et al., 2012). Radio one of the best medium of communication which has played a very vital role in socio, economic cultural and agricultural development information. It is an influential communication tool in rural agricultural market information. However, most rural areas have no access of electricity therefore farmers and other communities mostly depend on radio to meet their needs of information regarding education, health, agricultural news and weather information. The achievement of agricultural development programs in developing countries basically depends on the nature and level of use of mass media channels in mobilization of people for development in general. Radio and television have been acclaimed to be the most effective media for spreading the scientific knowledge and information to the people. In developing countries such as Pakistan, India and Bangladesh where education level is low and the choice of mass media very vital particularly Electronic Media (Murty Albino, 2012). Problem of research statement In rural areas many farmers have no specific knowledge and information regarding agricultural problems such as use of pesticides in farming and where and how to get information about newest technologies. The mass media could play a significant role in disseminating agricultural information. According to Obinne (1992) the main problem among farmers in remote areas was lack of knowledge and interested to use these technologies in agricultural growth were observed the results needed for economic growth and rural transformation but that of adapting and using them as instrument of increased their product as well as economic development for the country. The one another problem was that the different conditions and environments of the sources poor farmers could not afford to manage suck kind of technologies which can provide a benefit to these communities in rural areas. The mass media such as radio could transfer good related information to farmers for development of agriculture produ ction (Akinola, 2004). In Pakistan most of the farmers have no proper knowledge and information regarding use of pesticides and its effect on their lives. There is need to provide such kind of programs on radio which could guide the farmers about proper use of technologies in farming. In this context radio one of the best medium to transfer information among illiterate and literate farmers about usage of technologies in their field for increase their production. Material and Method The study was conducted in District Benazirabad Sindh, Pakistan where the quantitative approach was applied for data collection. This study was used a survey. The total 250 of the respondents from Qazi Ahmed Taulka were involved in this study. The simple random method was used for this study. The data information were taken regarding the credibility of radio about agricultural programs and radio evaluation agriculture programs the study were also explored about the best radio stations, their favourite programs as well as suitable timing of the agriculture programs from the respondents. The data were collected from Taluka of Qazi Ahmed. The data was analysed by used SPSS software. The data were discussed in percentage, Mean and Standard deviation. Result and Discussions 1. Demographic respondents profile In table 1 demographic result was distributed into respondents gender, age, level of education and in farming experience. The 250 respondents were participated in this study all were male participants. The age of the respondents were distributed from 20 years to 60 years old. However, more than half of 58% of the respondents age was 31 to 40 years while 22% of the respondents age was 20 to 30 years old furthermore 16.8% of the respondents age was 41 to 50 years only 3.2% of the respondents age was 50 to 60 years old with the mean value of M = 2.01 SD=.719. Table 1 result revealed that the level of education 36% of the respondents education level was of primary level while 26.6% of the respondents education level was non-formal education 19.6% of the respondents education level of was matriculation however 18% of the respondents education level of was intermediate to Master level with the mean value of M=2.47 SD=1.40. The result showed that more than half 56% of the respondents f arm experience was 11 to 20 years while 26.4% of the respondents experience was 1 to 10 years. However, 17.6% of the respondents experience was from 21 to more than 30 years were in agriculture farming with the mean value of M=1.93 SD=.705. Table 1 Demographic profile Demographic profile Frequency Percentage Mean SD Gender Male 250 100 1.00 .00000 Female 0 0 0 0 Age group 250 100 20- 30 years 55 22 2.01 .719 31- 40 years 145 58 41-50 years 42 16.8 51- 60 years 8 3.2 Education level Non formal education 66 26.4 2.47 1.40 Primary School 90 36.0 Matriculation 49 19.6 Intermediate 14 5.6 B.A 17 6.8 Degree/ Master/PhD 14 5.6 Farm experience 1- 10 years 66 26.4 1.93 .705 11- 20 years 140 56.0 21- 30 years 39 15.6 More than 30 years 5 2.0 2 Respondents General Information Table 2 the respondents were asked general information regarding farm operation, ownership and best farm operation. The result indicated that 74.4% of the respondents was no another job without doing farming while 25.6% of the respondents were doing job as well as farming with the mean value of M=1.25 SD=.437. The information about main agricultural operation more than half 55.6% of the respondents does their crop production while 20.4% of the respondents do livestock production. However, 7.6% of the respondents were using aquaculture and 16.4% of the respondents were doing other agriculture with the mean value of M=1.84 SD=1.12. The information regarding ownership of land 64.8% of the respondents does farming by contracting. While 21.2% of the respondents was the owner of the land and they do farming themselves and only 14% of the respondents do farming on rent the mean value was (M= 2.43 SD=.820). The best farm operation the result revealed that more than half 55.6% of the respon dents were doing by self-agriculture in their land furthermore 36% of the respondents were doing contracting and very small number 8.4% of the respondents were used others farm of agriculture with the mean value of M=1.52 SD=.647. Table 2General Information General information Frequency Percentage Mean SD you have work/employment apart from your job as a farmer Yes 64 25.6 . No 186 74.4 1.25 .437 Which is your main agricultural operation Crop Production 139 55.6 1.84 1.12 Livestock production 51 20.4 Aquaculture 19 7.6 Others 41 16.4 Ownership of land that you do Owner 53 21.2 2.43 .820 Renter 35 14.0 Contract farming 162 64.8 Your best farm operation By self 139 55.6 1.52 .647 contract farming 90 36.0 Others 21 8.4 3 Contacts with Agricultural Extension Officers In table 3 the information were also obtained about contact with agriculture extension officers in this context result showed that 46.8% of the respondents said that they communicated with agriculture one time in once a month. Furthermore, 10.8% of the respondents contacted once a week or more time with agriculture officer. While 26.4% of the respondents rarely contacted with agriculture officers however 10.4% of the respondents never talked with agriculture officer furthermore 4.4% of the respondents two times in a week spoken with agriculture about getting the information about agriculture with the mean value of M= 2.92 SD=1.32. The contact with fisheries officer regarding gain information about fisheries and agriculture the result indicated that 88.8% of the respondents never contacted with fisheries officer regarding fisheries and agriculture information while 8.0% of the respondents communicated one time once a month however it was indicated that only .8% of the respondents co ntacted with fisheries officers about information for agriculture the overall mean value was (M=1.26 SD=.796). The information about communicated with veterinary officers the result revealed 50.4% of the respondents were never talked with veterinary officer 36.8% of the respondents contacted once a month with veterinary officer and get information about animal diseases and agriculture related information. Table 3 Contact with Extension Officers Contact with Extension Officers Frequency Percentage Mean SD Contact with agriculture officer for agricultural information Never 26 10.4 2.92 1.32 Rarely 66 26.4 Once a month 117 46.8 Two times in weeks 11 4.4 Three times in a weeks 3 1.2 Once a week or more 27 10.8 Contact with fisheries officer for agricultural information 250 100% Never 222 88.8 1.26 .796 Rarely 2 .8 once a month 20 8.0 Two times in weeks 3 1.2 Three times in a week 1 .4 once a week or more 2 .8 Contact with veterinary officer for agricultural information Never 126 50.4 Rarely 25 10.0 once a month 92 36.8 Two times in weeks 1 .4 Three times in a week 6 2.4 once a week or more 4 Respondents Radio listening Programs In table 4 the result indicated that 86.4% of the respondents were their own radio the 13.6% of the respondents were not their own radio set with the mean value of M=1.13 SD=.343. The farmers were also asked about listening to agricultural related program of radio the result showed that 39.6% of the respondents responded that they listen to agricultural related programs 5 to 20 minutes on radio. While 25.2% of the respondents listen to agricultural other related programs 21to 40 minutes on radio. However, 18.4% of the respondents said that they listen to agricultural, news and other programs More than one hour on radio. Furthermore, 16.8% of the respondents listen to agricultural and different programs 41 to 60 minutes on radio the mean value was (M=2.14 SD=1.13). The farmers were also asked about listen to advertisement about agriculture on radio the result revealed that more than half 54.0% of the respondents listen to advertisements some time on radio regarding agriculture. It w as also revealed that 21.2% of the respondents occasionally listen to advertisement on radio about agriculture specially pesticides and Urea. It was also indicated that 16.4% of the respondents listen to advertisements on radio often only 8.4% of the respondents never listen to agricultural related advertisements on radio regarding agriculture and pesticides with the mean value of M=2.78 SD=.817. The respondents were also asked about listen to different agriculture programs on AM and FM radio the result showed that 42.2% of the respondents listen to Hari Samachar on FM105 occasionally. While other study revealed opposite of this study that radio was the main source of dissemination agricultural information among famers (Hanif, 1992; Ali, 1994). However 34.4% of the respondents listen to agricultural program some time on radio. It was also showed that 18.8% of the respondents were never listening to agricultural programs on radio only small number 4.4% of the respondents often listen to agricultural related programs on FM105. However, the agricultural related programs on AM the result showed that 49.2% of the respondents occasionally listen to the Kheti Ser Sati on AM Hyderabad. While 31.2% of the respondents some time listen to Kheti Ser Sati on AM Hyderabad furthermore 16.0% of the respondents were never not listening to Kheti Ser Sati on radio only 3.6% of the respondents were often listen to agricultural programs on AM Hyderabad radio with the mean value of M= 2.22 SD=.753. The information about one another program were also asked from respondents the result revealed that 40.8% of the respondents occasionally listen to the Sar Sabz Pakitan on AM radio Hyderabad while 30% of the respondents were some time listening to Sar Sabz Pakitan agriculture program on radio the result showed that 21.2% of the respondents never listen to Sar Sabz Pakitan agricultural program on radio only 8.0% of the respondents often listen to Sar Sabz Pakitan on radio with th e mean value of M=2.24 SD=.879. The respondents were also asked about their favourite radio stations the result revealed that more than half 58.4% of the respondents responded that the AM radio Hyderabad is their best and favourite station which provides not only agricultural related news as well as entertainments, education, dramas news and health programs which has increased their knowledge and skills. Followed by that 30% of the respondents said that FM105 was their favourite radio station which provide good music, entertainments and agricultural related programs the mean value was (M=1.66 SD=.474). Table 4 Radio listening programs Radio listening programs Frequency Percentage Mean SD Radio ownership Yes 216 86.4 1.13 .343 No 34 13.6 Listening farm related programs 250 100 5- 20 minutes 99 39.6 2.14 1.13 21- 40 minutes 63 25.2 41- to 60 minutes 42 16.8 More than one hour 46 18.4 Listen to advertisements on radio 250 100 Never 21 8.4 2.78 .817 Occasionally 53 21.2 Some time 135 54.0 Often 41 16.4 Listen to Hari Samachar on FM105 Never 47 18.8 Occasionally 106 42.2 Some time 86 34.4 Often 11 4.4 Listen to the Kheti Ser Sati on AM Hyderabad 250 100 Never 40 16.0 2.22 .753 Occasionally 123 49.2 Some time 78 31.2 Often 9 3.6 Listen to the Sar Sabz Pakitan on AM Hyderabad Never 53 21.2 2.24 .879 Occasionally 102 40.8 Some time 75 30.0 Often 20 8.0 Favourite radio station FM105 75 30 1.66 .474 AM Hyderabad 146 58.4 Respondents given mix answer 29 11.6 5 Radio Credibility In table 5 the respondents were obtained information regarding radio credibility the result showed that more than half 57.6% of the respondents were agreed and said that the content of agricultural radio program was clear while 26.8% of the respondents were strongly disagreed and said that the content of agricultural radio programs was not clear however 12.4% of the respondents were neither agreed nor disagreed regarding the content of agricultural radio programs however only .8% of the respondents were strongly disagreed and said that radio content of agricultural program was not clear with the mean value of M=4.07SD=.746. The respondents were also asked about the agricultural program unbiased the result revealed that 73.6% of the respondents were agreed and said that agricultural programs were unbiased broadcasted on radio furthermore 13.6% of the respondents were strongly disagreed while 7.2% of the respondents were neither agreed nor disagreed about the content of agricultural programs unbiased the mean value was (M= 3.94 SD=.700). The respondents were also asked about the content of agricultural radio programs tells the whole story the result indicated that 42% of the respondents were strongly disagreed and said that the radio did not broadcast whole story regarding the agricultural programs. While 29.6% of the respondents were neither agreed nor disagreed that radio produce agricultural programs whole story however 24.4% of the respondents were strongly disagreed and said that radio did not tell full story of agricultural related programs only 4% of the respondents were strongly disagreed that radio not broadcast agricultural related full story programs with the mean value of M=3.13 SD=.827.The respondents were also informed about the accurate content of radio agricultural programs the result revealed that 79.2% of the respondents were strongly disagreed and responded that the radio did not produce accurate content of agricultural programs. While it was also indicated that 14.8% of the respondents were neither agreed nor disagreed that content of agricultural programs were accurate however only 1.2% of the respondents were agreed that radio provide accurate content regarding agricultural related programs with the mean value of M=3.78 SD=.583. Furthermore, the respondents were also obtained information regarding the content of agricultural radio programs is trusted the result showed that 76.4% of the respondents were neither agreed nor disagreed that radio produce trusted content of agricultural programs the 13.2% of the respondents were disagreed and said they did not trust on radio content agricultural programs while 10% of the respondents were strongly disagreed and said that radio was not producing such trusted programs the mean value was (M=3.95 SD=.516). The information about the appropriate timings of the programs the result indicated that 55.2% of the respondents were disagreed and said that the agricultural programs timing was not appropriate 23.6% of the respondents were neither agreed not disagreed about the appropriate timing of the programs on radio. While 12.4% of the respondents were strongly agreed that agricultural programs produce on appropriate time. However the result agricultural radio programs is up to date revealed that 43.2% of the respondents were neither agreed nor disagreed and 34.0% of the respondents were agreed that radio produce up to date programs regarding agricultural with the mean value of M= 4.03 SD=.900. Table 5 Respondents level of Radio credibility Level of Radio Credibility Frequency Percentage Mean SD The content of agricultural radio program is clear Strongly agree 2 .8 4.07 .746 Disagree 6 2.4 Neither agree nor disagree 31 12.4 Agree 144 57.6 Strongly disagree 67 26.8 The content of agricultural program is unbiased Strongly agree 3 1.2 3.94 .700 Disagree 11 4.4 Neither agree nor disagree 18 7.2 Agree 184 73.6 Strongly disagree 34 13.6 The content of agricultural radio programs tells the whole story Strongly agree 61 24.4 3.13 .827 Disagree 105 42.0 Neither agree nor disagree 74 29.6 Agree 10 4.0 Strongly disagree The content of agricultural radio programs is accurate Strongly agree 3 1.2 3.78 .583 Disagree 7 2.8 Neither agree nor disagree 37 14.8 Agree 198 79.2 Strongly disagree 5 2.0 The content of agricultural radio programs is trusted Strongly agree 1 .4 3.95 .516 Disagree 33 13.2 Neither agree nor disagree 191 76.4 Agree 25 10.0 Strongly disagree The content of agricultural radio programs broadcasted at the appropriate time Strongly agree 31 12.4 Disagree 138 55.2 Neither agree nor disagree 59 23.6 Agree 17 6.8 Strongly disagree 5 2.0 The content of agricultural radio programs is up to date Strongly agree 20 8.0 4.03 .90012 Disagree 37 14.8 Neither agree nor disagree 108 43.2 Agree 85 34.0 Strongly disagree Radio Evaluation The respondents were asked about the radio helping to get latest information of market price the result indicated that 41.2% of the respondents were disagreed and said that radio did not provides information about market for their product. Followed by 37.6% of the respondents were strongly agreed and responded that radio helps to find good market for their product. While 16% of the respondents were neither agreed nor disagreed about radio helps to find a good market for their products the mean value was (M=1.92 SD=.970). The respondents were obtained information about radio as a source of pricing information the result showed that 36% of the respondents were disagreed and said that radio was not source of pricing information about agriculture product very close to it 35.2% of the respondents were neither agreed nor disagreed regarding radio as a source of pricing information while 28.8% of the respondents were strongly agreed with the mean value of M=2.06 SD=.799. The respondent s were also asked about the on farm organizations loan the result showed that 40.4% of the respondents were neither agreed nor disagreed while 34.8% of the respondents were disagreed regarding on farm credits loans provide by organizations however 21.6% of the respondents were strongly agreed with the mean value of M= 2.26 SD=.871 Furthermore, the respondents were also asked about latest information regarding crop livestock the result revealed that 47.6% of the respondents were agreed followed by that 40% of the respondents were strongly disagreed about information of crop and livestock by radio. However, only small number 2.4% of the respondents were strongly agreed. The mean value was (M=4.16 SD=.947). The respondents were obtained the information about on good farm practices of the crop livestock. The result revealed that 32.4% of the respondents were strongly disagreed while 27.2% of the respondents were agreed furthermore 22.4% of the respondents were neither agreed nor disa greed regarding on good farm practices of the crop livestock and 6.0% of the respondents were strongly agreed with the mean value of M=3.68 SD=1.21. The information about farmers skills and knowledge about controlling the diseases of crops livestock the result showed that 42.4% of the respondents were agreed regarding information provided by radio while 16.8% of the respondents were neither agreed nor disagreed furthermore result indicated that 15.6% of the respondents were disagreed the overall mean value was ( M=3.32 SD=1.22). The respondents were also enquired about the information of pest controlling diseases by radio result revealed that more than half 64.8% of the respondents were strongly disagreed while 18.8% of the respondents were neither agreed nor disagreed about radio provide information of pest control however only 1.2% of the respondents were strongly agreed with the mean value of M=4.41SD=.932. The respondents were also inquired about radio keeps farmers up to date on reliable weather and climate information the result showed that 36.8% of the respondents were disagreed and said that radio did not keeps up to date regarding the reliable weather information. Followed by that 30% of the respondents were strongly disagreed that radio provided latest information about weather while 24.8% of the respondents were agreed and said that radio keeps up to date on reliable weather and climate information with the mean value of M=2.39 SD=1.36 Table 6 Evaluation of radio Evaluation of radio Frequency Percentage Mean SD Radio helping farmers to find a good market for their products 1.92 .970 Strongly agree 94 37.6 Disagree 103 41.2 Neither agree nor disagree 40 16.0 Agree 3 1.2 Strongly disagree 10 4.0 To serve farmers as a source of pricing information Strongly agree 72 28.8 2.06 .799 Disagree 90 36.0 Neither agree nor disagree 88 35.2 On farm credits and loans provided by organizations Strongly agree 54 21.6 2.26 .871 Disagree 87 34.8 Neither agree nor disagree 101 40.4 Agree 4 1.6 Strongly disagree 4 1.6 To keep farmers up to date on latest information regarding crop livestock Strongly agree 6 2.4 4.16 .947 Disagree 17 6.8 Neither agree nor disagree 8 3.2 Agree 119 47.6 Strongly disagree 100 40.0 On good farm practices of the crop livestock. Strongly agree 15 6.0 3.68 1.21 Disagree 30 12.0 Neither agree nor disagree 56 22.4 Agree 68 27.2 Strongly disagree 81 32.4 To help farmers to overcome the problems affecting crops livestock production Strongly agree 1 .4 3.52 1.01 Disagree 66 26.4 Neither agree nor disagree 10 4.0 Agree 146 58.4 Strongly disagree 27 10.8 To improve farmers skills and knowledge about controlling the diseases of crops livestock Strongly agree 28 11.2 3.32 1.22 Disagree 39 15.6 Neither agree nor disagree 42 16.8 Agree 106 42.4 Strongly disagree 35 14.0 To provide farmers with knowledge regarding pest control Strongly agree 3 1.2 4.41 .932 Disagree 11 4.4 Neither agree nor disagree 27 10.8 Agree 47 18.8 Strongly disagree 162 64.8 To keep farmers up to date on reliable weather and climate information Strongly agree 75 30.0 2.39 1.36 Disagree 92 36.8 Neither agree nor disagree 10 4.0 Agree 62 24.8 Strongly disagree 10 4.0 Radio provides current agricultural related news, agricultural information and programs to transfer messages which could enhance the knowledge and information for development of farmers. The role of radio about agriculture programs cannot deny. It is very essential that radio should provide more agricultural related programs as well as latest concerning information of weather, market and pesticides where farmers could increase their production. The timing of different agricultural programs is not suitable and not matches with farmers and frequency is 10 to 20 minutes which not provides whole story and detailed regarding agricultural information to farmers. Radio producers should broadcast programs about technological usage in farming where the farmers could utilise these technologies in farming for increase the ir product and income